Spring is
pushing its way into my neighborhood. The snow piles are almost completely melted
and the hyacinths are peeking through the soil. Spring is a season for growth
and renewal. It is a time for cleaning the cobwebs and dust bunnies from the remote
corners of our homes, and for injecting renewed vitality into the learning
plans for our children.
Spring is
the perfect time for studying plants in a science-math cross-content unit. The four variables that most lend themselves
to study in a plant unit are: type of seed, type of soil, amount of water, and
amount of light. Let’s look at a few
ideas for each.
Type of
Seed: There are two considerations when
choosing seeds to use for this project.
First is the speed of germination. Patience can begin to run thin when staring at
a pot of dirt for sixteen days with no sign of life. Bean or pea seeds are often a good choice for
quick sprouting. The second
consideration is the purpose of the newly sprouted plants. Do you plan to discard the plants at the conclusion
of the project or do you have outdoor space where you can transfer the
seedlings? If transferring the seedlings
is a possibility, you may want to choose a variety of vegetable or flower that
appeals to your child. Harvest day will
have infinitely more meaning when children harvest veggies or cut flowers that
were grown under their supervision.
Another idea is to plant multiple types of seeds, tracking the
germination race to see which type of seed makes the first appearance.
Type of Soil: One fascinating way to watch seeds grow is
with no soil at all. Place seeds inside a clear glass jar, using damp paper towels
to keep the seeds pinned against the glass.
In a few short days, your child will see the seed begin to sprout and
have an up close look at what usually happens under the dirt and beyond their
view. You can also plant seeds in
multiple soils such as dirt from your yard (if available), potting soil, sand,
etc. Be careful to plant seeds in each
medium at the same depth to limit the variables. Then watch to see when the different seeds
germinate. For this experiment, it is
also valuable to observe the continued growth of each plant. Seeds are tiny food storehouses, so the
growing medium will not have as much of an impact on germination as on continued
growth, once the plant is dependent on nutrients from the soil for growth. If possible, purchase or make growing
containers with one clear side so that root growth can also be observed.
Amount of
Water: This is a classic experiment.
Begin by planting several seeds, each in its own container. Then water each seed on the same schedule but
with varying amounts of water. Depending
on the size of the container, the water could be measured in tablespoons, cups
or metric units. Perhaps there are four
seeds which are given ¼ cup, ½ cup, ¾ cup, and 1 cup of water respectively. Observe
and record the rate of germination and growth.
Amount of
Light: This is another classic experiment
seen at science fairs across the country.
Place some seeds in direct sunlight, others in indirect sunlight, and still
others in relative dark. Observe and
record not only the rate of germination but the rate of growth for a few weeks
past germination.
I mentioned that
this is a great unit for science-math cross-content studies so let’s get to the
math part. It is crucial in a study like
this to keep records of observations, and to take measurements of growth. These are the areas of math inclusion. Studies like this help children to see the
real-world applications of math concepts.
The first step is to specify the variable being studied and to design
the record keeping system. Each of the
four variables described above can be studied through an observation of the
passage of time and growth. Therefore, a
calendar and ruler will be important tools.
The water study will also require an appropriate water measuring
device. The recording of the passage of time
and growth points is only the first step in the math. More advanced students should be encouraged
to calculate comparisons among different plants within each variable. Rate of growth over time can be calculated as
well as the generation of hypotheses about future growth with observations of
actual growth and calculations of those differences.
While it is
not necessary to link every learning opportunity to the season, Spring is a great
time for learning choices to reflect the environment through a study of plants. Please share your learning experiences with plants
by commenting here, or you can find me on Twitter @TrostleMichelle. Happy growing!